treatment
Cetirizine antihistamine
Cetirizine is a non-drowsy antihistamine available from any pharmacy. Adults and children can relieve symptoms from a range of allergies, including pollen (hay fever), dust, animal dander, or in response to insect bites. It can also calm contact dermatitis and atopic eczema.
Cetirizine relieves itching, sneezing, a runny nose, skin rash, and eye symptoms such as red, itchy, or watery. It is available in tablet, liquid gels, dissolvable tablets, and oral liquid forms. The branded version of cetirizine is Zyrtec.
Even though cetirizine is classed as a non-drowsy antihistamine, it can still cause drowsiness in some people. If you do experience drowsiness, it is advised that you avoid driving or drinking alcohol.
What can you find here?
How much should I take?
For adults and children over 12, cetirizine should be taken as a 10 mg once-daily dose unless directed differently by your doctor. Children aged 6 - 12 can take 5-10 mg every 24 hours, and children aged 2 - 6 can take 2.5 mg every 12 hours or 2.5-5 mg every 24 hours.
How does it work?
During an allergic reaction, your immune system releases a chemical called histamine, which is responsible for the symptoms of an allergy. Antihistamines work by opposing the actions of histamine by stopping histamine binding to its target sites in the body.
The chemical structure of non-drowsy antihistamines makes them less likely to enter the brain through what is known as the blood-brain barrier. This makes them less likely to cause drowsiness compared to other antihistamines.
Who should avoid cetirizine?
Do not take cetirizine if you have previously had an allergic reaction to cetirizine or another ingredient listed in the medication or have reacted to an antihistamine in the past. Children under 2 years old should not take cetirizine unless prescribed by a doctor, and age restrictions can vary between different cetirizine products.
Speak with your doctor or pharmacist before taking cetirizine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding or have any of the following conditions: liver or kidney problems, epilepsy or seizures, or difficulty passing urine. You should avoid it if you are due for an allergy skin test.
Cetirizine can interact with other medicines, such as certain antidepressants and opioids. If you take any prescription, over-the-counter or herbal medicines, ask your doctor or pharmacist to check if they are safe to take alongside cetirizine.
Are there any side effects?
Common side effects can include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, restlessness, dry mouth, sore throat, diarrhea, stomach ache, and feeling sick.
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